Killing the Violet: Severance of Female Bodies
《杀死紫罗兰》:女性身体的断章
Rino Lu
《杀死紫罗兰》是一部由中国导演在日本拍摄的剧情片,此前在第七届平遥国际电影展上进行首映,提名了罗伯托·罗西里尼荣誉最佳影片,并最终荣获卧虎单元最受欢迎影片。该片是张钰导演在东京艺术大学修读电影制作硕士专业的毕业作品,也许是受大学院映像研究科教授、著名日本导演黑泽清的影响,导演的镜头语言和类型风格也趋向这名大师的风格,善于通过一些细节营造日常的恐怖,在光天化日之下带来意想不到的惊悚。
影片由一场突如其来的意外展开。Sumire是一名小有名气的作家,负责帮出版社校对稿件。一天因为她的男友出门时没有把门锁上,独自留在家中的Sumire被快递员趁虚而入,此后Sumire的世界出现了地覆天翻的变化。尽管导演始终在表演的控制上要求节制和冷静,但透过对环境的强调,对人物的凝视,对行为的探索,都能感受到Sumire内心暗流汹涌的情感难以得到宣泄。
在Sumire的世界里,男性成为了一个不可信的、充满危险的、甚至是象征性的大他者的阴影。从发现日夜相处的男友嫌弃她被他人侵犯过,到善意地把书借给邻居却被误以为对他动情,甚至是以后每次邀请陌生人进家里时都会想起那个可怕的下午……自从Sumire被强奸之后,她对身边的男性都产生了一种强烈的畏惧和距离感,由于生理性的创伤而造就了心理上的恐怖,吊诡的是,这种恐怖恰恰是来源于女性对自身身体断章的惊诧。
比较典型的一幕是当Sumire被快递员按在桌子上的时候,她的眼前出现了一则幻相:另一个自己坐在写字桌前亲眼目睹着自己被侵犯却无动于衷。在这里,我们看到的是性别权力的压制——Sumire反抗的失败和阻止的无能都指向了父权制社会对女性身体和精神的压迫和控制。正如Frye和Shafer所指出的那样,强奸者会使对方认为自己是处于他人控制范围内的人,而非拥有控制权的人。换句话说,强奸犯的非性动机,尤其是对支配和控制的渴望可能是整个行为实施的一个根本原因。因此,Sumire被褫夺的不仅仅是自己的非自愿性欲望,更是对自己身体支配的权力,以及在这种社会结构下得以令主体性有效施行的那一部分自由。这就是为什么卡希尔会说,“强奸必须从根本上理解为对身体主体的侮辱的一种性行为,它摧毁了(即使只是暂时的)女性的主体间性和具身化的中介,从而摧毁了女性的人格。”
由日本优秀女演员早织出演的Sumire这一角色完美诠释了女性在遭遇这种悲剧后承受的心理压力。当摄影机对准她风情的脸庞时,从她的表情和眼神中涌现出丰富而复杂的情绪:愤怒、不解、痛苦、酸楚,伴随着触目惊心的崩溃的临近,反复交织在压抑和爆发的边缘地带。Sumire没有因为这一个单一事件而走上不归的道路,反而是在不幸后经历的平常才最令人难以忍受。
这或许得以解释为什么英文片名的语态是进行时而非完成时。杀死紫罗兰的,不是一次致命的意外,而是一种濒死的状态。通过Sumire的视角,影片描绘了她在多个不同身份的男性之间周转的生活日常,试图结合角色的错位、剧情的突转、环境的威胁等方面来探讨日本女性在社会伦理学意义上感受到的诡怖。紫罗兰的花语是永恒的美与爱,它往往象征着女性对于事物纯粹与理想的追求。因此,《杀死紫罗兰》对社会学和女性主义分析的启示在于,强奸粗暴而直接地引发了女性身体的断章,她们的个体意识在方方面面都被男权主导下的社会结构长期压制和掌控,不只抹除了对于两性之间美和爱最初的期许,更意味着对身体永恒性、连续性、主体性的某种湮灭和摧毁。
Killing theViolet is a feature film made in Japan by a Chinese director, which has its premiere at the 7th Pingyao International Film Festival. It was nominated for the Roberto Rossellini Honorary Best Film and eventually won the Most Popular Film in the Crouching Tigers Section. Director Zhang Yu made the film her graduation work for her master degree of filmmaking at Tokyo University of the Arts. It is conceivable that Kiyoshi Kurosawa, professor of the Graduate School of Film and New Media, has a strong influence on the cinematographic style of this film. As a famous Japanese director, he is adept at creating daily horrors through details that bring forth unexpected thrillers in the daytime.
The film begins with an abrupt accident. Sumire is an established writer who proofreads manuscripts for publishers. However, her world is turned upside down after a courier enters the house, as her boyfriend leaves the door unlocked. While Zhang keeps attention on moderation and calmness in the tension of how Sumire should perform, through the stress of the environment, the gaze of the characters, and the observation of her acts, we can still feel that it is rather difficult for Sumire to vent her inner emotions filled with turbulence.
In the world of Sumire, the male becomes the shadow of an untrustworthy, dangerous, even symbolic Other. For example, her boyfriend who spends all day and night with her but disgusts her for the fact that she has been assaulted, the neighbour to whom she lends a book but misunderstands her pure kindness, and even when it comes to male strangers visiting her house every time, it irresistibly reminds her of that terrible afternoon ... Since Sumire was raped, she has developed a strong sense of fear and distance from the men around her, due to the physical trauma that results in a psychological degree of terror. Paradoxically, such terror is precisely derived from the shock of how females find severance of their own bodies.
There is a representative scene when Sumire is pushed against a desk by the courier, she hallucinates herself sitting at her desk, indifferently witnessing the assault without doing anything. What we see here is actually the suppression of gender power — both Sumire’s failure to resist and the inability to stop such violence point to patriarchal society’s oppression and control of women’s physicalities and mentalities. As Frye and Shafer point out, rape renders the victim a vision of herself as a being within someone’s domain of control rather than as a being that occupies that domain. In other words, the root cause of the entire brutality may have more to do with the rapist’s non-sexual motivation, especially his desire for dominance and control. Therefore, Sumire is deprived not only of her involuntary desires but also of the power to control her own body, as well as the part of freedom which makes subjectivity effectively exercised under the social structure as such. This is why Cahill would say that “rape must be understood fundamentally ... as an affront to the embodied subject ... a sexually specific act that destroys (if only temporarily) the intersubjective, embodied agency and therefore personhood of a woman.”
The role of Sumire, played by excellent Japanese actress Saori Koide, perfectly illustrates the psychological pressure that women endure after such a tragedy. When the camera focuses on her flirty face, a rich and complex emotion emerges from her expression and eyes: agony, confusion, pain, bitterness, with the looming risk of collapse, weaving into the boundary of repression and outburst repeatedly. Sumire does not commit suicide because of this single incident, but it is the ordinary suffering after experiencing an unexpected misfortune that feels most intolerant.
This may explain why the tense of the film title is progressive instead of perfect. What is killing Violet is not a fatal incident but a near-death state. Through the angle of Sumire, the film depicts her daily life hanging around men with different roles. It attempts to explore the horror that Japanese females feel in the sense of social ethics, in combination with the misplacement of characters, the abrupt change of plot, and the threat of the surroundings. The flower language of violets is eternal beauty and love, which often symbolizes women’s pursuit of pure and ideal things. The indoctrination of Killing Violet in a sociological and feminist analytical way, thereupon, is that the act of rape brutally and directly triggers the severance of female bodies and that their individual consciousness has long been repressed and controlled in every way by male-dominated social structures, which not only obliterates their original expectations of beauty and love between the sexes, but more significantly, leads to annihilation and destruction of body’s eternity, continuity, and subjectivity.
Rino Lu
Insta: @rinoooolu
He/him
Rino Lu (he/him) is currently pursuing a Master of Research in Art: Theory and Philosophy at Central Saint Martins, University of the Arts London. A seasoned youth director, Rino has produced a diverse range of films spanning various genres, many of which have garnered recognition at international film festivals. Notable works include Street Girl (2022), In Elsewhere (2022), Once Upon a Time in Nanjing (2023), and Blind Massage (2024), among others. His academic pursuits are rooted in continental philosophy, with a particular emphasis on the intersection of film studies and postmodern thought. Through his research, he seeks to bring fresh perspectives and critical insights to contemporary discourse. Rino is also an active film critic, contributing to prominent Chinese online platforms such as DeepFocus, NaiguanFilm, and Aside from Books. As a member of the UK-China Film Collab, he plays an integral role in fostering cross-cultural dialogue and collaboration between the UK and Chinese film industries.